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Hemp’s benefits don’t just come from cannabinoids like CBD, CBN or THCV — its terpenes play a big role too. Terpenes are the natural compounds that give hemp (and fruits and herbs) their smell and help shape how they make you feel. They can help with things like calming anxiety or reducing inflammation. In this blog, we’ll break down the 12 main terpenes found in hemp and talk about the role they play in producing the unique effects you experience in different strains.
Meet The 12 Terpenes Fueling Your Flower
Hemp is packed with dozens of terpenes, but 12 of them stand out. These major terpenes each have their own unique scent, flavor, and effects. For example, myrcene is known for its relaxing, earthy aroma, while limonene gives off a bright, citrusy scent and can help boost mood. Linalool, found in lavender too, is great for calming stress. Pinene smells like fresh pine and may help with focus and memory. Others like caryophyllene, humulene, and terpinolene offer benefits like fighting inflammation, easing pain, and promoting relaxation. These terpenes don’t just smell good — they work together with cannabinoids to enhance hemp’s overall therapeutic power, helping with everything from energy and mood to sleep and recovery. Here’s a brief overview of these 12 key terpenes:
- Myrcene: Earthy and musky, very clove-like; shown to promote relaxation and sleep, as well as showing anti-inflammatory benefits
- Limonene: Bright and citrusy; brightens your mood and promotes energy. Also contains antioxidant benefits
- Pinene: Clean and Pine-fresh; boosts alertness and memory, with anti-inflammatory effects
- Caryophyllene: Spicy on the nose, like black pepper; binds CB2 receptors to ease pain and inflammation.
- Linalool: Floral and very reminiscent of lavender; shown to calm anxiety and aid sleep
- Humulene: Very hoppy and woody; suppresses appetite and fights inflammation
- Terpinolene: Balances between herbal and fruity; produces mild sedative effects with antioxidant potential
- Ocimene: Sweet and woody; uplifts and decongests, and shows signs of anti-inflammatory properties
- Bisabolol: Chamomile-like; shown to soothe skin and reduce inflammation
- Guaiol: On the nose it can be very piney but also rosy; may reduce pain and inflammation
- Eucalyptol: Minty and chill; enhances focus and breathing, with potential anti-inflammatory properties
- Nerolidol: Woody, floral and herbaceous; Also very sedating and fights microbes, with emerging pain relief potential
Know Your Terpenes!
While that may seem like a grocery list of hemp helpers, getting to know the terpenes that fuel your flower isn’t a daunting task. Let’s break things down further and get to know the first 3 on our list of 12 major terpenes: Myrcene, Limonene, and Pinene.
Myrcene
Myrcene is one of the most common and important terpenes found in hemp. It’s known for its earthy, musky scent, often compared to cloves or damp forests. Myrcene is known for its calming and relaxing effects – it’s often the reason some hemp strains make you feel mellow or even a little sleepy. Beyond relaxation, myrcene may also help reduce pain and inflammation, making it a favorite for people looking to unwind or recover after a long day. Fun fact – myrcene can also be found in other plants like mangoes, hops, and lemongrass. When combined with cannabinoids, myrcene can actually boost their effects, creating a stronger, more soothing experience.
Limonene
Next on our list, Limonene is a bright, citrusy terpene and it’s easy to recognize by its fresh lemon and orange scent. Known for its uplifting and energizing effects, limonene can help boost mood, reduce stress, and even support better focus. Some research also suggests that limonene may have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a popular terpene for overall wellness. It’s not just found in hemp — limonene is common in citrus fruits like lemons, limes, and oranges too. In hemp products, limonene can add a refreshing flavor while helping to create a more positive, motivated feeling when paired with cannabinoids like CBD or THCV.
Pinene
Lastly, we have Pinene. Pinene is a crisp, fresh-smelling terpene found in hemp, known for its sharp pine aroma – the same scent you notice when walking through a forest of pine trees. Pinene is loved for its clear-headed, energizing effects. It’s believed to help improve focus, boost alertness, and even support memory. On top of its mental benefits, pinene may also have anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator properties, which means it could help open up airways and ease breathing. You’ll also find pinene naturally in pine needles, rosemary, basil, and surprisingly, even dill. In hemp products, pinene can add a refreshing, outdoorsy note while helping users stay sharp, balanced, and uplifted.
In short:
We’re just scratching the surface of the world of terpenes but it’s becoming more and more clear, each terpene plays a unique role in how hemp products interact with your system and overall, shape the experience you enjoy whether it’s in an edible, concentrate, or just lighting up and enjoying a bowl of high quality flower.
